Photosynthetica 1999, 36(12):209-216 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1007051804296

Sensitivity of the Algal Biotest ISO 10253 to the Photosystem 2 Herbicides in Seawater

J. Soukupová1,2, A. Lukavská1, J. Lukavský1,2, L. Nedbal1
1 NRC Photosynthesis & Global Climate Change, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic
2 Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

The sensitivity of marine algal biotest ISO 10253 to the photosystem 2 (PS2) herbicide diuron (DCMU) was determined. Using the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, we found that the algal growth rate was reduced to 50 % of the control value (EC50) for ca. 200 nM DCMU. This value is too high to allow a practical application of the biotest for concentrations of the PS2 herbicides found in natural waters. The mechanisms causing the low sensitivity of the biotest to the PS2 herbicide were investigated by measuring parameters of photosynthetic apparatus in the diatom prior and during the biotest. The apparent dissociation constant for DCMU in P. tricornutum found by measurements of inhibition of oxygen evolution and of variable fluorescence was in the range 60-90 nM. This should lead to a much higher sensitivity of the biotest than found in our experiments. The low biotest sensitivity is caused by an acclimation to sub-lethal DCMU concentrations. The acclimation is manifested by the chlorophyll content per cell that is increasing with the DCMU concentration. During a prolonged exposure to sub-lethal herbicide concentrations, we observed also a selection of DCMU resistant organisms indicating that also an adaptation may decrease the test sensitivity. The biotest sensitivity may increase when the acclimation and adaptation are limited by shortening of the experiment duration.

Additional key words: bioassay; chlorophyll fluorescence; DCMU; 3-[3,4-dichlorophenyl]-1,1-dimethylurea; diuron; Phaeodactylum tricurnutum; quinone acceptors

Published: September 1, 1999  Show citation

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Soukupová, J., Lukavská, A., Lukavský, J., & Nedbal, L. (1999). Sensitivity of the Algal Biotest ISO 10253 to the Photosystem 2 Herbicides in Seawater. Photosynthetica, 37(2), 209-216. doi: 10.1023/A:1007051804296
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