Photosynthetica 2001, 39(1):79-86 | DOI: 10.1023/A:1012448019931

Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Gas Exchange Responses to Irradiance of Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus Altissima) in Contrasting Urban Environments

E.P. Hamerlynck1
1 Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Department of Biological Sciences, Newark, USA

Sun-and shade-adapted plants of Ailanthus altissima utilized thermal-dissipative photoprotection (NPQ) across a range of photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD), with higher NPQ and lower maximum quantum yield of photosystem 2 photochemistry (Fv/Fm) in sun-adapted individuals, suggesting increased engagement of antennae-based quenching. Photosynthetic quantum requirements (Qreq; number of photons per CO2) were similar in sun and shade plants, but were low and comparable to forest understory species. Diurnal measurements showed that PPFDs in both habitats were consistently above photosynthetic compensation irradiance, and frequently exceeded saturating values. In addition, sun- and shade-adapted individuals possessed stomata that tracked short-term fluctuations in PPFD. Thus A. altissima may be unique in that it couples high, shade-plant like photosynthetic efficiency with high photosynthetic capacity in high-irradiance, while stomatal attributes that optimize water use efficiency are maintained in the shade. These features may contribute to success of A. altissima in establishing in disturbance-prone urban systems, and facilitate its spread into more PPFD-limited and competitive natural ecosystems.

Additional key words: areal leaf mass; diurnal courses of photosynthetic characteristics; fluorescence induction; irradiance; leaf dimensions; photoprotection; photosystem 2; quantum yield; stomatal conductance

Published: March 1, 2001  Show citation

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Hamerlynck, E.P. (2001). Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Gas Exchange Responses to Irradiance of Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus Altissima) in Contrasting Urban Environments. Photosynthetica, 39(1), 79-86. doi: 10.1023/A:1012448019931
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