Photosynthetica 2009, 47(3):409 | DOI: 10.1007/s11099-009-0062-z

Content of carotenoids during ageing and senescence of tobacco leaves with genetically modulated life-span

D. Procházková1,*, D. Haisel1, N. Wilhelmová1
1 Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 6, Czech Republic

We exploited leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cv. Wisconsin 38) with introduced chimeric construct consisting of SAG12 promoter fused with ipt gene for cytokinin synthesis and therefore prolonged life-span. As a control we used its wild type. In 12-week-old plants, the first leaves of control plants showed senescence symptoms at the time of sampling. Carotenoid content decreased with increasing leaf age both in control and in transgenic plants. On the other hand, the first leaves of transgenic plants demonstrated better antioxidant capacity represented by carotenoids compared to the leaves of control plants of the same age. They stayed still green at this age.

Additional key words: cytokinin; reactive oxygen species; xanthophylls

Received: March 16, 2009; Accepted: August 18, 2009; Published: September 1, 2009  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Procházková, D., Haisel, D., & Wilhelmová, N. (2009). Content of carotenoids during ageing and senescence of tobacco leaves with genetically modulated life-span. Photosynthetica47(3), 409. doi: 10.1007/s11099-009-0062-z
Download citation

References

  1. Bilger, W., Schreiber, U., Lange, O.L.: Chlorophyll fluorescence as an indicator of heat induced limitation of photosynthesis in Arbutus unedo L. - In: Tenhunen, J.D., Catarino, F.M., Lange, O.L., Oechel, W.C. (ed.): Plant Response to Stress. Pp. 391-399. Springer-Verlag, Berlin - Heidelberg - New York - London - Paris - Tokyo 1987. Go to original source...
  2. Bouvier, F., D'Harlingue, A., Backhaus, R.A., Kumagai, M.H., Camara, B.: Identification of neoxanthin as a carotenoid cyclase paralog. - Eur. J. Biochem. 267: 6346-6352, 2000. Go to original source...
  3. Bungard, R.A., Ruban, A.V., Hibberd, J.M., Press, M.C., Horton, P., Scholes, J.D.: Unusual carotenoid composition and a new type of xanthophyll cycle in plants. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96: 1135-1139, 1999. Go to original source...
  4. Demmig-Adams, B., Adams III, W.W.: Capacity for energy dissipation in the pigment bed in leaves with different xanthophyll cycle pools. - Aust. J. Plant. Physiol. 21: 575-588, 1994. Go to original source...
  5. Dertinger, U., Schaz, U., Schulze, E.D.: Age-dependence of the antioxidative system in tobacco with enhanced glutathione reductase activity or senescence-induced production of cytokinins. - Physiol. Plant. 119: 19-29, 2003. Go to original source...
  6. Förster, B., Osmond, C.B., Pogson, B.J.: De novo synthesis and degradation of Lx and V cycle pigments during shade and sun acclimation in avocado leaves. - Plant Physiol. 149: 1179-1195, 2009. Go to original source...
  7. Gan, S., Amasino, R.M.: Inhibition of leaf senescence by auto-regulated production of cytokinin. - Science 270: 1986-1988, 1995. Go to original source...
  8. Garcia-Plazaola, J.I., Hernandez, A., Errasti, E., Becerril, J.M.: Occurrence and operation of the lutein epoxide cycle in Quercus species. - Funct. Plant. Biol. 29: 1075-1080, 2002. Go to original source...
  9. Garcia-Plazaola, J.I., Matsubara, S., Osmond, C.B.: Review: The lutein epoxide cycle in higher plants: its relationships to other xanthophyll cycles and possible functions. - Funct. Plant. Biol. 34: 759-773, 2007. Go to original source...
  10. Gruszecki, W.I., Strzalka, K.: Does the xanthophyll cycle take part in the regulation of the fluidity of the thylakoid membrane? - Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1060: 310-314, 1991. Go to original source...
  11. Halliwell, B., Gutteridge, J.M.C.: Oxidative stress and antioxidant protection: some special cases. - In: Halliwell, B., Gutteridge, J.M.C. (ed.): Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Pp. 485-543. Oxford: Oxford University Press: Clarendon 1989.
  12. Jordi, W., Schapendonk, A., Davelaar, E., Stoopen, G.M., Pot, C.S., De Visser, R., Van Rhijn, J.A., Gan, S., Amasino, R.M.: Increased cytokinin levels in transgenic PSAG12-IPT tobacco plants have large direct and indirect effects on leaf senescence, photosynthesis and N partitioning. - Plant Cell Environ. 23: 279-289, 2000. Go to original source...
  13. Kim H.J., Lim, P.O., Nam, H.G.: Molecular regulation of leaf senescence. - In: Gan, S. (ed.): Senescence Processes in Plants. Pp. 231-255. Blackwell Publishing Oxford UK, 2007. Go to original source...
  14. Kruk, J., Szymańska, R.: Occurrence of neoxanthin and lutein epoxide cycle in parasitic Cuscuta species. - Acta Biochimica Polonica 55: 183-190, 2008. Go to original source...
  15. Lichtenthaler, H.K.: Chlorophylls and carotenoids - pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. - In: Colowick, S.P., Kaplan, N.O. (ed.): Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 148. Pp. 350-382. Academic Press, San Diego - New York - Berkeley - Boston - London - Tokyo - Toronto. 1987. Go to original source...
  16. Llorens, L., Aranda, X., Abadía, A., Fleck, I.: Variations in Quercus ilex chloroplast pigment content during summer stress: involvement in photoprotection according to principal component analysis. - Funct. Plant. Biol. 29: 81-88, 2002. Go to original source...
  17. Mares-Perlman, J.A., Millen, A.E., Ficek, T.L., Hankinson, S.E.: The body of evidence to support a protective role for lutein and zeaxanthin in delaying chronic disease. - Overview. J. Nutr. 132: 518-524, 2002. Go to original source...
  18. Markgraf, T., Oelmüller, R.: Evidence that carotenoids are required for the accumulation of a functional photosystem II, but not photosystem I in the cotyledons of mustard seeding. - Planta 185: 97-104, 1991. Go to original source...
  19. Matile, P.: Chloroplast senescence. - In: Baker, N.R., Thomas, H. Elsevier (ed.): Crop Photosynthesis: Spatial and Temporal Determinants. Pp. 413-440. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam 1992. Go to original source...
  20. Matsubara, S., Gilmore, A.M., Osmond, C.B.: Diurnal and acclimatory response of violaxanthin and lutein epoxide in the Australian mistletoe Amyema miquelii. - Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 28: 793-800, 2001. Go to original source...
  21. Matsubara, S., Morosinotto, T., Bassi, R., Christian, A.L., Fischer-Schliebs, E., Luttge, U., Orthen, B., Franco, A.C., Scarano, F.R., Förster, B., Pogson, B.J., Osmond, C.B.: Occurrence of the lutein-epoxide cycle in mistletoes of the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae. - Planta 217: 868-879, 2003. Go to original source...
  22. Munné-Bosch, S., Peñuellas, J.: Photo- and antioxidative protection during summer leaf senescence in Pistacia lentiscus L. grown under Mediterranean field conditions. - Annals Bot. 92: 385-391, 2003. Go to original source...
  23. M'tinová, Z., Haisel, D., Wilhelmová, N.: Photosynthesis and protective mechanism during ageing in transgenic tobacco leaves with over-expressed cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase and thus lowered cytokinin content. - Photosynthetica 44: 599-605, 2006. Go to original source...
  24. Noodén, L.D.: The phenomena of senescence and aging. - In: Noodén, L.D., Leopold, A.C. (ed.): Senescence and Aging in Plants. Pp. 1-50. Academic Press: San Diego 1988. Go to original source...
  25. Parry, A.D., Horgan, R.: Carotenoid metabolism and the biosynthesis of abscisic acid. - Phytochemistry 30: 815-821, 1991. Go to original source...
  26. Procházková, D., Haisel, D., Wilhelmová, N.: Antioxidant protection during ageing and senescence in chloroplasts of tobacco with modulated life-span. - Cell Biochem. Funct. 26: 582-590, 2008. Go to original source...
  27. Procházková, D., Wilhelmová, N.: The capacity of antioxidant protection during modulated ageing of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cotyledons. 1.The antioxidant enzyme activities. - Cell Biochem. Funct. 25: 87-95, 2007a. Go to original source...
  28. Procházková, D., Wilhelmová, N.: The capacity of antioxidant protection during modulated ageing of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cotyledons. 2. The low-molecular weight antioxidants. - Cell Biochem. Funct. 25: 97-102, 2007b. Go to original source...
  29. Procházková, D., Wilhelmová, N.: Leaf senescence and antioxidant enzymess. - Biol. Plant. 51: 401-406, 2007c. Go to original source...
  30. Rivero, R.M., Kojima, M., Gepstein, A., Sakakibara, H., Mittler, R., Gepstein, S., Blumwald, E.: Delayed leaf senescence induces extreme drought tolerance in a flowering plant. - Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 19631-19636, 2007. Go to original source...
  31. Roháçek, K., Barták, M.: Technique of the modulated chlorophyll fluorescence: basic concepts, useful parameters, and some applications. - Photosynthetica 37: 339-363, 1999. Go to original source...
  32. Roháěk, K.: Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: the definitions, photosynthetic meaning and mutual relationships. - Photosythetica 40: 13-29, 2002. Go to original source...
  33. Siefermann-Harms, D.: Carotenoids in photosynthesis. I. Location in photosynthesis membranes and light-harvesting function. - Biochim. Biophys. Acta 811: 325-355, 1985. Go to original source...
  34. Telfer, A., Dhami, S., Bishop, S.M., Phillips, D., Barber, J.: Beta-carotene quenches singlet oxygen formed by isolated photosystem II reaction centers. - Biochemistry 33: 14469-14474, 1994. Go to original source...
  35. Wilhelmová, N., Procházková, D., ©indelářová, M., ©indelář, L.: Photosynthesis in leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L. infected with tobacco mosaic virus. - Photosynthetica 43: 597-602, 2005. Go to original source...