Photosynthetica 2020, 58(3):692-701 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2019.182

Silicon improves the photosynthetic performance of black pepper plants inoculated with Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis

V. DꞌADDAZIO1, J.V.G. SILVA1, A.S. JARDIM1, L.L. LONGUE1, R.A.A. SANTOS1, A.A. FERNANDES1, M.B. SILVA1, D.M. SILVA2, T.A. SANTOS2, E.R. SCHMILDT1, L.H. PFENNING3, A.R. FALQUETO1
1 Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Agrarian and Biological Sciences, Rodovia Governador Mario Covas, Km 60, 29932-540 Litorâneo, São Mateus, ES, Brazil
2 Federal University of Espírito Santo, Department of Biological Sciences, Avenida Fernando Ferrari, 514 - 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil
3 Federal University of Lavras, Department of Phytopathology, University Campus, P. O. Box 3037 - 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil

This study evaluated the effect of silicon (Si)-supplementation in controlling the fusariosis in two Piper nigrum cultivars (Bragantina and Kottanadan). We hypothesized that susceptible cultivar improves the photosynthetic performance with Si-supplementation. Under greenhouse conditions, six-month-old plants were treated with silicon 30 and 15 d before inoculation with Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis and compared with untreated plants and with healthy control plants. All samples remained photosynthetically active after infection. Chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and leaf gas-exchange parameters were less affected in Si-supplemented plants as well as healthy control plants. The net carbon assimilation, stomatal conductance, associated with higher internal carbon values suggest that the lower CO2 influx in inoculated plants of Bragantina cultivar was caused by photochemical and biochemical limitations. Si-supplementation reduced the disease severity improving protection, apparently associated with the preservation of photosynthetic performance, especially for Bragantina cultivar.

Additional key words: photosynthesis; photosystem; plant defense; plant disease; plant nutrition; resistance responses.

Received: September 24, 2019; Revised: December 5, 2019; Accepted: December 31, 2019; Prepublished online: April 10, 2020; Published: June 11, 2020  Show citation

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DꞌADDAZIO, V., SILVA, J.V.G., JARDIM, A.S., LONGUE, L.L., SANTOS, R.A.A., FERNANDES, A.A., ... FALQUETO, A.R. (2020). Silicon improves the photosynthetic performance of black pepper plants inoculated with Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis . Photosynthetica, 58(3), 692-701. doi: 10.32615/ps.2019.182
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