Photosynthetica 2021, 59(4):640-651 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.060

Response of physiological characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat varieties to long-term heat stress at anthesis

C.H. GAO1, 2, M. SUN1, S. ANWAR3, B. FENG2, A.X. REN1, W. LIN1, Z.Q. GAO1
1 College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, No. 1, 030801 Taigu, Shanxi, China
2 Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.202, 250100 Ji'nan, Shandong, China
3 Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan

Heat stress has become more common in recent years, limiting wheat production in Huang-Huai-Hai plain in China. To identify the effect of long-term heat stress on wheat production, two heat-resistant (JM44, JM23) and two heat-sensitive (XM26, GC8901) wheat varieties were sown in heat tents and normal conditions, and heat stress (9 to 12℃ higher than control) was imposed for seven days at post-anthesis. All varieties under heat stress exhibited early senescence and reduced grain-filling rate, while the grain-filling period of heat-tolerant varieties was longer than that of the heat-sensitive. Furthermore, long-term heat stress significantly reduced kernel mass, grain number, harvest index, chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of PSⅡ photochemistry, effective quantum yield of PSⅡ photochemistry, photosynthetic rate, and transpiration efficiency. In addition, the distribution of dry matter to vegetative organs, catalase activity, and malondialdehyde content increased. These results indicated that the lesser yield reduction of heat-resistant varieties (11-26%) than that of heat-sensitive (16-37%) is due to relatively higher antioxidative and photosynthetic performance and higher assimilation in the grain from vegetative organs.

Additional key words: antioxidants; chlorophyll fluorescence; grain filling; heat stress duration; photosynthesis; Triticum aestivum L.

Received: July 13, 2021; Revised: September 17, 2021; Accepted: November 19, 2021; Prepublished online: December 6, 2021; Published: December 17, 2021  Show citation

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GAO, C.H., SUN, M., ANWAR, S., FENG, B., REN, A.X., LIN, W., & GAO, Z.Q. (2021). Response of physiological characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat varieties to long-term heat stress at anthesis. Photosynthetica, 59(4), 640-651. doi: 10.32615/ps.2021.060
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