Photosynthetica 2022, 60(1):3-9 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2021.041

Contents of photosynthetic pigments and ratios of chlorophyll a/b and chlorophylls to carotenoids (a+b)/(x+c) in C4 plants as compared to C3 plants

H.K. LICHTENTHALER1, F. BABANI2
1 Botanical Institute, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Plants, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
2 Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Albania

The content of chlorophylls (Chl) (a+b), total carotenoids (x+c), and the pigment ratios of Chl a/b and Chls to carotenoids (a+b)/(x+c) of green leaves of five C4 plants were determined and compared to those of C3 plants. The C4 plants were: Pacific and Chinese silvergrass (Miscanthus floridulus and Miscanthus sinensis), sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) as well as feed and sugar maize (Zea mays). The three C3 plants were beech, ginkgo, and oak. C4 plants possess higher values for the ratio Chl a/b (3.4-4.5) as compared to the C3 plants (2.6-3.3). Sugar maize had the highest values for Chl a/b (4.04-4.70) and exceptionally high contents of total carotenoids and consequently lower values for the ratio of (a+b)/(x+c) (mean: 3.75 ± 0.6). During autumnal senescence also C4 plants showed a faster decline of Chl b as compared to Chl a yielding high values for Chl a/b of 6 to 8. Chlorophylls declined faster than carotenoids yielding low (a+b)/(x+c) values below 1.0.

Additional key words: autumnal leaf senescence; C3 plants; C4 plants; chlorophyll contents; photosynthetic pigments; shade leaves; sun leaves; total carotenoid content.

Received: July 21, 2021; Revised: August 24, 2021; Accepted: August 30, 2021; Prepublished online: September 16, 2021; Published: March 18, 2022  Show citation

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LICHTENTHALER, H.K., & BABANI, F. (2022). Contents of photosynthetic pigments and ratios of chlorophyll a/b and chlorophylls to carotenoids (a+b)/(x+c) in C4 plants as compared to C3 plants. Photosynthetica, 60(SPECIAL ISSUE 2022), 3-9. doi: 10.32615/ps.2021.041
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