Photosynthetica 2025,63(4):322-331 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2025.032

Additional far-red light improves the growth and resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus of Lactuca sativa L. to high-intensity light

V.D. KRESLAVSKI1, P.P. PASHKOVSKIY2, A.N. SHMAREV1, A.Yu. KHUDYAKOVA1, V.V. STROKINA1, A.A. IVANOV1, A.A. KOSOBRYUKHOV1, S.I. ALLAKHVERDIEV1, 2, 3
1 Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
2 K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
3 Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey

The effects of additional far-red light (FRL) on the growth parameters, photosynthetic activity, and pro- or antioxidant balance of Lactuca sativa L. plants grown for 30 d were studied. The plants were grown under white light-emitting diodes with equal PAR intensities at red/far-red light ratios of 0.29, 0.89, and 1.67 and without FRL. Compared to the absence of the FRL, growth at a 0.29 ratio caused an increase in plant biomass and leaf area, but a decrease in PSII activity, net photosynthetic rate (PN) per unit area, and stomatal conductance. High irradiance for 4 h at 1,000 μmol(photon) m-2 s-1 decreased PSII activity and PN, but to the least extent in the 0.89 option. The possible pathways of the FRL's impact on the photosynthetic apparatus were analysed.

Additional key words: far-red light; growth; high irradiance; Lactuca sativa L.; photosynthesis; red light.

Received: July 16, 2025; Revised: September 19, 2025; Accepted: October 21, 2025; Prepublished online: November 4, 2025; Published: December 31, 2025  Show citation

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KRESLAVSKI, V.D., PASHKOVSKIY, P.P., SHMAREV, A.N., KHUDYAKOVA, A.Y., STROKINA, V.V., IVANOV, A.A., KOSOBRYUKHOV, A.A., & ALLAKHVERDIEV, S.I. (2025). Additional far-red light improves the growth and resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus of Lactuca sativa L. to high-intensity light. Photosynthetica, 63(4), 322-331. doi: 10.32615/ps.2025.032
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